| Products/Services Used | Details | Operation |
|---|---|---|
| Gene Synthesis | The loci of most systems were commercially synthesized and cloned, by Genscript Corp., directly into pSG1-rfp between the AscI and NotI sites of the multiple cloning site (table S4, “Cloning method” column).For strains with gene deletions and point mutations, plasmids containing systems with these deletions/mutations were commercially synthesized by Genscript. | Get A Quote |
The arms race between bacteria and phages led to the development of sophisticated antiphage defense systems， including CRISPR-Cas and restriction-modification systems. Evidence suggests that known and unknown defense systems are located in "defense islands" in microbial genomes. Here， we comprehensively characterized the bacterial defensive arsenal by examining gene families that are clustered next to known defense genes in prokaryotic genomes. Candidate defense systems were systematically engineered and validated in model bacteria for their antiphage activities. We report nine previously unknown antiphage systems and one antiplasmid system that are widespread in microbes and strongly protect against foreig... More
